Presbyters Uniwersytet Warszawski
ID
ER 1650
Pope Innocent I writes to the bishops of Macedonia about the clerics ordained by Bonosus after he became a heretic; he says that they should not be accepted in the Catholic Church in their grades. Letter 17 of Innocent I to the bishops of Macedonia, ca AD 414.
Letter 17
 
Chapter I-II: Those who took widows as wives, cannot be accepted as clergy. The order that a cleric should be a husband of one wife regards also the wives taken before the baptism.
 
Chapter III
about those ordained by the heretics:
7. ...ubi poenitentiae remedium necessarium est, illic ordinationis honorem locum habere non posse...
 
IV,8. Sed dicitur vera ac justa legitimi sacerdotis benedictio auferre omne vitium quod a vitioso fuerat iniectum. Ergo si ita est, applicentur ad ordinationem sacrilegi, adulteri atque omnium criminum rei, quia per benedictionem ordinationis crimina vel vitia putantur auferri. Nullus sit poenitentiae locus, quia id potest praestare ordinatio, quod longa satisfactio praestare consuevit. Sed nostrae lex est ecclesiae, venientibus ab haereticis, qui tamen illic baptizati sunt, per manus impositionem laicam tantum tribuere communionem, nec ex his aliquem in clericatus honorem vel exiguum subrogare. At vero ii, qui a Catholica ad haeresim transierunt, quos non aliter oportet nisi per poenitentiam suscipi, apud vos non solum poenitentiam non agunt, verum etiam honore cumulantur.
 
V,9. Sed Anysii quondam fratris nostri, aliorumque consacerdotum summa deliberatio haec fuit, ut quos Bonosus ordinaverat, ne cum eodem remanerent, ac fieret non mediocre scandalum, ordinati reciperentur.
 
10. Canon 8 of the Council of Nicaea which allowed the reintegration of the heretic clergy, was aimed at the Novatians alone.
 
11. Si quis vero de Catholica ad haeresim transiens, aut fidelis ad apostasiam reversus, resipiscens redire voluerit, numquid eadem ratione poterit ad clerum permitti, cuius commissum nonnisi longa poenitentia poterit aboleri? Nec post poenitentiam clericum fieri ipsi canones sua auctoritate permittunt. Unde constat, qui de Catholica ad Bonosum transierunt damnatum, atque se passi sunt, aut cupierunt ab eodem ordinari, non oportuisse ordinationis ecclesiasticae suscipere dignitatem, qui commune omnium ecclesiarum iudicium deserentes, suam peculiariter in Bonoso vanitatem sequendam esse duxerunt.
 
12. Nunc illud quod superest, interrogo: qui post mensem aut eo amplius rediit, cum se presbyterum a Bonoso consideret ordinatum, si non sacramenta confecit, si non populis tribuit, si Missas secundum consuetudinem non complevit, quid de his censeatis, quaeso, promatis apertius.
 
(ed. Coustant 1845: 527-535)
Letter 17
  
Chapter I-II: Those who took widows as wives, cannot be accepted as clergy. The order that a cleric should be a husband of one wife regards also the wives taken before the baptism (p. 527–530)
 
Chapter III
about those ordained by the heretics:
7. ... Where the remedy of penitence is needed, the honour of ordination cannot take place ...
 
IV, 8. It is said that a true and right benediction of the priest takes away any fault in which the sinner incurred. If it is so, it should be applied to ordaining the sacrilegious, the adulterers, and the guilty of all crimes, because it would be reckoned that the crimes and faults are taken away by the benediction of ordination. There will be no place for penitence if the ordination can give what used to require long reparation. However, it is the law of our Church that those who come from heresy, even if they were only baptised there, should be accepted by the imposition of hands and given only the lay communion, lest any of them take the place of even a minor cleric. And those who pass from the Catholic Church to the heresy can be accepted back only by the penitence, and you allow them not only not to do penitence but even to take higher offices.
 
V,9. However, it was the opinion of our brother Anysius and of other our fellow priests that those ordained by Bonosus should be accepted in their grades lest they remain with him, which would cause a great scandal.
 
10. Canon 8 of the Council of Nicaea which allowed the reintegration of the heretic clergy, was aimed at the Novatians alone.
 
11. If someone who passed from the Catholic Church to the heresy, or a faithful who apostatised comes to his senses and wants to come back, how can he be allowed to be a cleric if this what he had committed could be erased only by long penitence? The authority of canons do not allow to become a cleric after being a penitent. It results that those who passed from the Catholic Church to the condemned Bonosus and afterwards wanted to be ordained by him should not be allowed to take the dignity of the ecclesiastical ordination, because they abandoned the general opinion of all Churches and, in their vanity, chose to follow the particular opinion of Bonosus.
 
12. There is one thing left I want to ask you about: if someone who considered himself ordained presbyter by Bonosus but did not celebrated the sacraments, did not distribute them to the people, did not say the Mass according to the custom, and after a month or more came back, please say openly what do you think about them?
  
(trans. S. Adamiak)

Discussion:

Bonosus was an Illyrian bishop, probably of Serdica, who lived at the end of the fourth century and followed Helvidius in denying the perpetual virginity of Mary.
The letter presented here dealt with clerics who were ordained by Bonosus after his condemnation. Innocent I is against accepting them in their grades, despite a different opinion of some of the Macedonian bishops, including Anysius; the pope accepts the decisions already taken but does not want the procedure to be continued.
The letter is the third letter of Innocent concerned with the repercussions of the Bonosian schism (the first was lost, the second was [1649].
Chapters I–II of the letters repeat the decisions and argumentation presented by Innocent I in his letter to Victricius of Rouen [1540], [1564].
 

Place of event:

Region
  • Rome
  • Danubian provinces and Illyricum
City
  • Rome

About the source:

Author: Innocent I
Title: Letters, Epistulae
Origin: Rome (Rome)
Denomination: Catholic/Nicene/Chalcedonian
Innocent I was the bishop of Rome from AD 401 to 417. Several of his letters, especially to the bishops of Gaul and Spain, are "decretals": authoritative letters containing papal rulings, usually in response to the questions raised by the bishops.
Edition:
P. Coustant ed., S. Innocentii Papae Epistolae et Decreta, Patrologia Latina 20, Paris 1845, 463-608.
Bibliography:
G.D. Dunn, "The Letter of Innocent I to Marcian of Niš”, [in :] Saint Emperor Constantine and Christianity. International Conference Commemorating the 1700th Anniversary of the Edict of Milan, 31 May - 2 June 2013, ed. D. Bojovič, v. I, Niš 2013, 319–338.
D. Jasper, H. Fuhrmann, Papal Letters in the Early Middle Ages, Washington 2001.
 
 

Categories:

Family life - Marriage
    Family life - Permanent relationship continued after ordination
      Change of denomination
        Impediments or requisits for the office - Marriage
          Impediments or requisits for the office - Heresy/Schism
            Ritual activity - Eucharist
              Public law - Ecclesiastical
                Relation with - Bishop/Monastic superior
                  Administration of justice - Penance
                    Religious grouping (other than Catholic/Nicene/Chalcedonian) - Unspecified 'heretic'
                      Please quote this record referring to its author, database name, number, and, if possible, stable URL: S. Adamiak, Presbyters in the Late Antique West, ER1650, http://www.presbytersproject.ihuw.pl/index.php?id=6&SourceID=1650