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ID
ER 249
An anonymous cleric from Aquino (Italy) who is possessed by a demon is cured by Saint Benedict. Benedict warns him not to accept holy orders in the future. He disobeys him out of vanity and becomes possessed by the same devil once again, all in the first half of the 6th century. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.
ID
ER 2328
Gregory the Great informs Bishop Januarius of Cagliari (Sardinia) that his Presbyter Epiphanius, who was seemingly accused of some indecent relations with a woman, has been acquitted. Gregory the Great, Letter 4.24, AD 594.
ID
ER 2331
Some old presbyters from Tours (Gaul) told Bishop Gregory of Tours that the relics of the Theban martyrs of Agaune had been deposited in the main basilica of Tours long ago, 573/594. Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 594.
ID
ER 2367
Gregory the Great is outraged that the presbyters in charge of the church of Saint Pancratius in Rome (Italy) neglect their duties. He dismisses them and entrusts the church to the monks that will be installed in the adjacent monastery. A presbyter from the outside of this community should be employed and sustained by the monastery in which he will also live, to celebrate Mass. Gregory the Great, Letter 4.18, AD 594.
ID
ER 2375
Gregory the Great urges Bishop Constantius of Milan (Italy) to aid the bearer of his letter, Bishop Venantius of Luni (near Lukka), and investigate (and correct, if need be) the clerics of the diocese of Luni who are said to transgress the synodal precepts. Gregory the Great, Letter 4.22, AD 594.
ID
ER 2376
Gregory the Great described to Bishop Januarius of Cagliari (Sardinia) how to choose proper candidates to clergy, so that there will be no need to depose them immediately after ordination. Gregory reluctantly permits presbyters, if a bishop is lacking, to baptize with chrism and on the forehead. Gregory the Great, Letter 4.26, AD 594.
ID
ER 2377
Gregory the Great attests that a presbyter guards the chains of Saint Paul. He uses a file to distribute the collected filings among the faithful. Gregory the Great, Letter 4.30, AD 594.
ID
ER 2378
Gregory the Great informs the clerics of Ortona that because of their bishop`s death he had sent another bishop for visitation. He will have the right to ordain presbyters and bishops. Clerics backing the lay candidate in the forthcoming election of the new bishop will be demoted and excommunicated. Gregory the Great, Letter 4.39, AD 594.
ID
ER 2379
Gregory the Great asks Bishop Maximian of Syracuse (Sicily) on behalf of Bishop Bacauda of Fermia (north of Naples) to send back any clerics who started their service in Fermia, but then were ordained to higher ecclesiastical ranks in different parts of Sicily. This is because there are no presbyters nor deacons left in Fermia. Gregory the Great, Letter 4.42, AD 594.
ID
ER 2380
Gregory the Great orders Bishop John of Ravenna (Italy) to put an end to the practice of admitting to monasteries laymen and active clerics which did not wish to follow a monastic way of life. Gregory is particularly against investing in abbatial office clerics who continue to perform ecclesiastical services outside the monastery. Gregory the Great, Letter 5.1, AD 594.
ID
ER 2381
Gregory the Great informs Bishop Victor of Palermo (Sicily) that the presbyter Gregory, after doing penance in Rome, will be once again installed in the monastery of which he was once an abbot, but now as a regular monk. Gregory the Great, Letter 5.4, AD 594.
ID
ER 2382
Gregory the Great orders Bishop Venantius of Luni (Italy) to take action against ex-presbyter Saturninus who, despite demotion, continues to celebrate Eucharist on the island of Gorgona near Pisa. Gregory the Great, Letter 5.5, AD 594.
ID
ER 2383
Presbyter Maximianus and Deacon Andrew bring to Gregory the Great a letter from the bishops of Illyricum. Gregory the Great, Letter 5.10, AD 594.
ID
ER 2384
Gregory the Great warns Bishop John of Prima Justiniana (Illyricum) against illegal ordination of clergy due to the dangers of simony. Gregory the Great, Letter 5.16, AD 594.
ID
ER 2385
Gregory the Great informs Bishop Venantius of Luni (Italy) that ex-presbyter Saturninus, although forbidden to offer Eucharist, is permitted to govern the monasteries on the islands of Gorgona and Capraria. Gregory sent his "Regula Pastoralis" to Presbyter Columbanus. Gregory the Great, Letter 5.17, AD 594.
ID
ER 2417
Gregory the Great informs Bishop Constantius of Milan (Italy) of the fate of various clerics that have lapsed and were demoted, including former presbyter and abbot Amandinus, former presbyter Vitalianus, former presbyter Saturninus, Letter 5.18, AD 594.
ID
ER 1944
Leo, abba of the basilica of Saint Martin in Tours (Gaul) skilled in woodcarving, is ordained bishop of the city, AD 526. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 594.
ID
ER 1945
Eufronius, presbyter in Tours (Gaul), is ordained bishop of that city, AD 556. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 594.
ID
ER 2313
Gregory the Great sends relics of saints to Bishop Palladius of Saintes through his Presbyter Leuparicus. Palladius has recently built a church with thirteen altars. Gregory the Great, Letter 6.50, AD 596.
ID
ER 2316
Presbyter Leuparicus carries relics of Saints Peter and Paul from Gregory the Great to Queen Brunhild. Gregory the Great, Letter 6.58, AD 596.
ID
ER 654
Canon 1 of the Council of Toledo (Iberian Peninsula, AD 597) orders clerics of all grades to live chastely.
ID
ER 655
Canon 2 of the Council of Toledo (Iberian Peninsula, AD 597) orders bishops to appoint a presbyter, a deacon, or at least an ostiarius in every church in their diocese.
ID
ER 1283
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) mentions the blessing of the people given by the priests. Isidore of Seville, On the Ecclesiastical Offices, AD 598/636.
ID
ER 1284
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) explains who the clerics are and what is the origin of their Latin. Isidore of Seville, On the Ecclesiastical Offices, AD 598/636.
ID
ER 1285
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) describes the general rules that shall be observed by the clerics. Isidore of Seville, On the Ecclesiastical Offices, AD 598/636.
ID
ER 1286
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) distinguishes two kinds of clercis - those living under the direction of the bishop, and those who wander and are not obedient to one prelate. Isidore of Seville, On the Ecclesiastical Offices, AD 598/636.
ID
ER 2310
Gregory the Great asserts that two clerics once ransomed with the use of ecclesiastical funds will never be asked to give back what has been paid for their freedom. Gregory the Great, Letter 9.52, AD 598.
ID
ER 1287
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) describes the clerical tonsure and explains its origin. Isidore of Seville, On the Ecclesiastical Offices, AD 598/636.
ID
ER 2311
Gregory the Great orders Bishop Passivus of Spoleto to consecrate a private oratory sponsored by the church notary Valerianus. No presbyter may be permanently affixed to this church. Every presbyter saying mass in this oratory must be sanctioned by the bishop of Spoleto. Gregory the Great, Letter 9.58, AD 598.
ID
ER 1288
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) presents the Old and New Testament sources of the priesthood. Isidore of Seville, On the Ecclesiastical Offices, AD 598/636.
ID
ER 2312
Gregory the Great orders Bishop Chrysantus of Spoleto to grant some relics of Saint Sabinus to Valerianus, a church notary and possibly cleric from Fermo, who founded an oratory dedicated to Sabinus in Fermo. Gregory the Great, Letter 9.59, AD 598.
ID
ER 1289
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) states that one may be made a priest from the age of 30. Isidore of Seville, On the Ecclesiastical Offices, AD 598/636.
ID
ER 1290
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) says that one cannot be ordained a priest if he commited a mortal sin after baptism. Isidore of Seville, On the Ecclesiastical Offices, AD 598/636.
ID
ER 1291
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) on the prerogatives of chorbishops, and that they shall not ordain presbyters. Isidore of Seville, On the Ecclesiastical Offices, AD 598/636.
ID
ER 1333
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) explains the etymology of the name "presbyter", and demonstrates that they belong together with bishops to the grade of priests. Isidore of Seville, On the Ecclesiastical Offices, AD 598/636.
ID
ER 1334
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) explains the difference between the priests and deacons. Isidore of Seville, On the Ecclesiastical Offices, AD 598/636.
ID
ER 1335
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) says that the ordination of priests and deacons is accompanied with the imposition of hands, unlike the ordination of the lower clergy. Isidore of Seville, On the Ecclesiastical Offices, AD 598/636.
ID
ER 1336
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) explains why the virgins are veiled for their consecration and women cannot be admitted to the holy orders. Isidore of Seville, On the Ecclesiastical Offices, AD 598/636.
ID
ER 1337
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) mentions the blessing of marriages by the priest. Isidore of Seville, On the Ecclesiastical Offices, AD 598/636.
ID
ER 1338
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) says that the Holy Spirit is conferred by the rite of laying of the hands and anointment and points out that it is a sole prerogative of the bishops. Isidore of Seville, On the Ecclesiastical Offices, AD 598/636.
ID
ER 368
The council of Huesca (Iberian Peninsula, 598 AD) orders that a diocesan synod must be held once a year and that all the clerics must live in a chastity. Canons of the council in Huesca of 598 related in the acts and canons of the council of Egara (Iberian Peninsula, 614 AD).
ID
ER 2329
Archpresbyter Epiphanius from Cagliari (Sardinia) informs Gregory on some issues concerning the diocese of Cagliari, including the the case of local abesses dressing as "presbyterae" have a custom to do. Gregory the Great, Letter 9.198, AD 599.
ID
ER 459
Canon 1 of the Second Council of Barcelona (Iberian Peninsula, AD 599) forbids subdeacons, deacons and presbyters to pay bishop or his clergy for ordination.
ID
ER 471
Canon 2 of the Second Council of Barcelona (Iberian Peninsula, AD 599) forbids charging diocesan bishops for the chrism used for the confirmation of neophytes.
ID
ER 476
Canon 3 of the Second Council of Barcelona (Iberian Peninsula, AD 599) forbids lay people from taking an episcopal office.
ID
ER 2042
Funerary inscription of the presbyter John from Salona (Dalmatia) mentioning his wife and sons, among them Marcellinus, proconsul of Dalmatia. The inscription also mentions that John was buried near the tomb of St Anastasius the Fuller. Salona, Dalmatia, AD 599 or 603.
ID
ER 1853
Votive (dedicatory?) inscription made by Presbyter Eufrasius, Grésy-sur-Aix (Gaul), ca 600/800.
ID
ER 1895
Funerary inscription of the presbyter Badegiselus, Mainz (Gaul), seventh or early eighth century.
ID
ER 1897
Inscription of the priest Gurdan, Llanthetty (Brecknockshire, Britain), probably ninth century.
ID
ER 493
Graffiti on the altar with the names of presbyters Aigo and Dexter, found in Egara (Iberian Peninsula), between 7th and 10th century.
ID
ER 1829
Protasius, priest in Rome, after being urged in a dream, goes to church and gives there baptism to Ansanus, a young man from Rome just before the Great Persecution,in AD 299 or AD 303. Account of the Martyrdom of Ansanus and Maxima, written probably in Siena (Italy) in the 7th or 8th c.
ID
ER 54
Funerary inscription of Telemachus, presbyter probably in Cástulo or Beaza (Iberian Peninsula), mentioning his ecclesiastical career, the 7th c.
ID
ER 57
Funerary inscription of Euticius, Presbyter in Albitana (possibly near Tarragona, Iberian Peninsula) found in Tarragona, possibly the 7th c.
ID
ER 2170
Presbyter Octavianus of Faventia transfers his property, a house with a garden, partly as a donation and partly as a lease, to the merchant Martinus and his wife Aurilia from Ravenna. The document of donation on papyrus, first half of the 7th century, drafted in Ravenna.
ID
ER 2255
Presbyter Teuderigus, probably from the monastery in Agaune (Gaul), orders a reliquary for the relics of St. Maurice. Inscription on the reliquary of St. Maurice, Agaune (Gaul), seventh century.
ID
ER 2330
DRAFT Archpresbyter Epiphanius from Cagliari (Sardinia) informs Gregory . Gregory the Great, Letter 14.2, AD 603.
ID
ER 575
The Liber Pontificalis (written in Rome before AD 640) says that Pope Sabinian (AD 604-606) filled the Church with the clergy.
ID
ER 1846
Funerary inscription of Presbyter Agapius, from Chavanoz (Gaul), died 607/608.
ID
ER 576
Pope Boniface III (AD 607) sets the rules of the papal and episcopal elections. The account of the Liber Pontificalis (written in Rome before AD 640).
ID
ER 82
Bulgar, comes of Septimania (Gaul) promises to order the clergy of Septimania to organize prayers in the face of war between the Merovingian kings, Theuderic and Theudebert. Letter of Bulgar to an unnamed Frankish bishop, ca AD 610/612.
ID
ER 32
Audeca, king of Sueves ca 584-585 is deposed by Visigothic King Leovigild, ordained as a presbyter and exiled to Beja (Iberian Peninsula). Isidore of Sevilla (Iberian Peninsula), History of the Goths, ca AD 612-625.
ID
ER 1576
Canon 5 (3) of the Fifth Council of Paris (Gaul, AD 614) excommunicates any cleric who seeks the support of laymen when in conflict with his bishop.
ID
ER 1585
Canon 6 (4) of the Fifth Council of Paris (Gaul, AD 614) decrees that secular judges should not pass sentences on presbyters without episcopal permission.
ID
ER 1587
Canon 8 (6) of the Fifth Council of Paris (Gaul, AD 614) decrees that only bishops, presbyters, and servants of holy places can dismiss those who were gathered in order to repair the roof.
ID
ER 1588
Canon 9 (7) of the Fifth Council of Paris (Gaul, AD 614) decrees that the property of presbyters should remain in ecclesiastical possession after their death.
ID
ER 1589
Canon 12 (10) of the Fifth Council of Paris (Gaul, AD 614) decrees that the wills of the presbyters should always be observed, even if they seem to be contrary to secular law.
ID
ER 1593
Canon 10 (8) of the Fifth Council of Paris (Gaul, AD 614) decrees that the property of the deceased presbyter should remain in the local church and not be seized by the bishop or the archdeacon.
ID
ER 1594
Canon 8 of a council held at an unknown place in Gaul shortly after 614 decrees that the presbyter should not live in one house with any woman if she is not his mother, sister, or aunt.
ID
ER 1595
Canon 10 of a council held at an unknown place in Gaul shortly after 614, severely damaged, decrees probably that secular judges should not have authority over clergy.
ID
ER 1596
Canon 11 of a council held at an unknown place in Gaul shortly after 614 decrees that archpresbyters cannot be ordained for money, nor should they be removed from their position without reason. They also cannot be instituted by laymen, who cannot refuse to accept a parish priest chosen by the bishop.
ID
ER 1597
Canon 12 of a council held at an unknown place in Gaul shortly after 614 decrees that presbyters cannot marry after ordination.
ID
ER 1598
Canon 13 of a council held at an unknown place in Gaul shortly after 614 decrees that after excommunicating someone the presbyter should let neighbouring cities and parishes know of this fact.
ID
ER 2152
Canon 6 of a council held at an unknown place in Gaul shortly after 614 decrees that in the monastery no one can be baptized, no mass can be said for a dead layman, and no layman can be buried without the local bishop`s permission.
ID
ER 478
The Council of Egara (Iberian Peninsula, AD 614) confirms the constitutions of the Council of Huesca (Iberian Peninsula, AD 598). Presbyter Maximus subscribes the acts on behalf of his bishop Stephen of un unknown see in the province of Tarragona (Iberian Peninsula).
ID
ER 3
Presbyter Amelius, probably an envoy of the Visigothic king Sisebut, brings a message from the emperor Heraclius to Sisebut (ca AD 615). An account of the letter of Caesarius, Byzantine governor of Spain, to Sisebut, from the collection of Epistulae Wisigothicae.
ID
ER 30
Emperor Heraclius allows patricius Caesarius, Byzantine Governor of Spain, to punish a wicked presbyter, according to the letter of Caesarius to King Sisebut ca AD 615 (Iberian Peninsula) in the collection Epistulae Wisigothicae.
ID
ER 33
Novatus, presbyter in Carthage (North Africa), comes to Rome and founds a heresy in AD 251. An account of Isidore of Seville, Chronicle ca AD 616/626.
ID
ER 1849
Funerary inscription of Presbyter Felix ordered by Presbyter Amatus from Vézeronce (Gaul). Felix was buried in Briord (Gaul), AD 630 (or 615).
ID
ER 1398
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula), writes about the writing activity of the presbyter Paulinus, confusing the presbyter Paulinus of Nola (Italy) and the deacon Paulinus of Milan (Italy). On Illustrious Men, before AD 617.
ID
ER 1399
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula), refers to the writing activity of the presbyter Sedulius, first half of the 5th c. On Illustrious Men, AD 615/617.
ID
ER 577
Pope Adeodatus I (Deusdedit; AD 615-618) loves the clergy and recalls them to their previous posts, establishes the second Mass for the clergy, and gives them an allowance for his funeral. The account of the Liber Pontificalis (written in Rome before AD 640).
ID
ER 1645
Funerary inscription of Saturninus, presbyter probably in Seville (Iberian Peninsula), died in AD 619.
ID
ER 667
Canon 3 of the Second Council of Seville (Iberian Peninsula, 619 AD) issues a decision in the case of the Presbyter Ispassandus who transfered to the other Church. The council generally forbid clerics to change the Church in which they serve.
ID
ER 675
Canon 4 of the Second Council of Seville (Iberian Peninsula, AD 619) forbids the ordaining of a man who has married a widow.
ID
ER 676
Canon 5 of the Second Council of Seville (Iberian Peninsula, AD 619) relates the improper ordinations of deacons consecrated by a presbyter in the Church of Cabra (Iberian Peninsula), and decrees the demotion of those deacons from their office.
ID
ER 679
Canon 6 of the Second Council of Seville (Iberian Peninsula, AD 619) forbids bishops to remove a presbyter or a deacon without a conciliar trial.
ID
ER 687
Canon 7 of the Second Council of Seville (Iberian Peninsula, AD 619) forbids presbyters to erect altars, consecrate basilicas, consecrate chrism and anoint with chrism, ordain presbyters and deacons, consecrate virgins, reconcile penitents and heretics, and perform liturgical actions in the presence of a bishop.
ID
ER 689
Canon 9 of the Second Council of Seville (Iberian Peninsula, AD 619) forbids bishops to appoint laymen as administrators of Church property.
ID
ER 691
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) describes the clergy and its hierarchy, and explains the clerical terminology. Isidore of Seville, Etymologies, AD 621-636.
ID
ER 696
Novatians originate from Novatus, presbyter in Rome (according to Isidore; truly he was the presbyter from Carthage), ca AD 251. Isidore of Seville (Iberian Peninsula), Etymologies, AD 621-636.
ID
ER 697
Tertullianists originate from the presbyter Tertullian in Carthage, North Africa, the 2nd/3rd century. Isidore of Seville (Iberian Peninsula), Etymologies, AD 621-636.
ID
ER 698
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) asserts that the sacraments in the Church are valid regardless of the moral disposition of their ministers. Isidore of Seville, Etymologies, AD 621-636.
ID
ER 699
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) describes the dalmatic. Isidore of Seville, Etymologies, AD 621-636.
ID
ER 700
Isidore, bishop of Seville (Iberian Peninsula) mentions the vessel for oil that is used during the anointments of kings and priests. Isidore of Seville, Etymologies, AD 621-636.
ID
ER 578
Pope Boniface V (AD 619-625) curbs the activities of acolytes and gives benefits to the clergy. The account of the Liber Pontificalis (written in Rome before AD 640).
ID
ER 2041
DRAFT: The epitaph of Pope Adeodatus (615-618), formerly a presbyter for forty years, Rome, AD 625/638.
ID
ER 1599
Canon 1 of the Council of Clichy (Gaul, AD 626/627) decrees that no presbyter should practice usury.
ID
ER 1601
Canon 2 of the Council of Clichy (Gaul, AD 626/627) decrees that clerics should not consider their own the property which they use, but that it belongs, by law, to the Church.
ID
ER 1602
Canon 3 of the Council of Clichy (Gaul, AD 626/627) demotes clerics who conspire against their bishop.
ID
ER 1603
Canon 7 of the Council of Clichy (Gaul, AD 626/627) decrees that only a bishop, not a secular judge, can correct the misdeeds of clerics.