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ID
ER 348
Canon 11 of the Third Council of Toledo (Iberian Peninsula, AD 589) forbids receiving an absolution from presbyters without observing the rules of penance.
ID
ER 349
Canon 12 of the Third Council of Toledo (Iberian Peninsula, AD 589) orders bishops and presbyters to demand a male penitent shave his hair, and a change of clothes from a female one.
ID
ER 352
Canon 13 of the Third Council of Toledo (Iberian Peninsula, AD 589) forbids clerics from suing their fellow clerics in secular courts.
ID
ER 353
Canon 20 of the Third Council of Toledo (Iberian Peninsula, AD 589) forbids bishops from oppressing their clerics with taxes.
ID
ER 362
Canon 21 of the Third Council of Toledo (Iberian Peninsula, AD 589) forbids secular judges and officials from demanding services (angaria) from servants of the Church or clerics.
ID
ER 363
The edict of King Reccared, preserved in the acts of the Third Council of Toledo (Iberian Peninsula, AD 589), confirms that the canons of this council shall be obeyed by the clergy and laity, and decrees a punishment for transgressors.
ID
ER 364
Subscriptions of the archpresbyters Gaianus of Asturias and Hildimirus of Orense (both in the Iberian Peninsula) in the acts of the Third Council of Toledo (Iberian Peninsula, AD 589).
ID
ER 1930
Presbyter Theutharius is sent by King Childebert to divide the inheritance betwen a mother and her daughter, AD 589. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 589-594.
ID
ER 1931
Queen Radegundis, founder of the monastery in Poitiers (Gaul) sends anonymous clerics to the East to obtain the relics of the Holy Cross and of the martyrs, AD 568. The relics are then deposited in Poitiers by Eufronius of Tours accompanied by his clergy, AD 569. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 589-594.
ID
ER 1932
Abbot and most probably presbyter Porcarius from the church of Saint Hilary in Poitiers (Gaul) is sent by his bishop to negotiate the reconciliation of the excommunicated nuns with the bishops from the ecclesiastical province of Bordeaux. As he is unsuccessful, King Childebert sends his presbyter Theutharius on a similar mission, AD 589. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 589-594.
ID
ER 157
Funerary inscription of Nocidius, presbyter probably in Ilurco (Iberian Peninsula), died probably in AD 589.
ID
ER 338
Canon 3 of the First Council of Seville (Iberian Peninsula, AD 590) forbids clergy to have non-related women in their houses and allows secular judges to sell such women.
ID
ER 2425
DRAFT: Gregory the Great explains the difference between the rangs of the priests in the Old Testament. He writes that the task of the "priests of the lower order" was to scrutiny the sins of the people. Gregory the Great, The Homilies on Ezekiel, II.10.13-14.
ID
ER 2174
Due to the lack of any clergy, the revenues of the Church of Minturno (Italy) are tranferred to the neighbouring bishopric of Formia. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.8, AD 590.
ID
ER 2176
Presbyter and abbot Gregory from the monastery of St. Theodore in the province of Palermo (Sicily) pleads with Gregory the Great to resolve a conflict between the monastery and members of the Church of Rome over a piece of land. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.9, AD 590.
ID
ER 2177
Abbot Agapitus from the monastery of St. George in Orvieto asks Gregory the Great to intervene with Bishop John of Orvieto who forbade the celebration of the mass and the burial of the dead in the monastery. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.12, AD 590.
ID
ER 2179
Gregory asks his envoy in Sicily to send clerics and monks worthy of priesthood to Rome. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.18, AD 591.
ID
ER 1933
Deacon Gregory, soon Bishop Gregory of Rome, organizes a penitential procession. All Romans are divided into seven groups, each of them is accompanied by presbyters from one of the seven districts of the city, AD 590. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 590-594.
ID
ER 1934
King Childebert remits all overdue taxes of the Church institutions in Clermont, AD 590. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 590-594.
ID
ER 1935
An anonymous presbyter reveals to Beppolenus, commander of King Guntram`s army, the location of Breton forces, AD 590. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 590-594.
ID
ER 1936
As the army of King Guntram approaches Vannes, Bishop Regalis of this city sends his clerics with crosses who lead the soldiers into the city while chanting psalms, AD 590. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 590-594.
ID
ER 1937
One of the presbyters from Tours follows the Sadducees and does not believe in the resurrection of the body. Bishop Gregory of Tours engages in a dispute with him. In the end, the presbyter renounces the heresy, AD 590. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 590–594.
ID
ER 1938
An anonymous abba and probably a presbyter from Angers saves the life of Bishop Audoveus of the city, AD 590. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 590–594.
ID
ER 1939
Presbyter Theutharius is sent by King Childebert and King Guntram to resolve a conflict between the abbess and some nuns from the monastery of Holy Cross in Poitiers, AD 589. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 590-594.
ID
ER 1940
Abba Epifanius of the church of Saint Remigius in Reims (Gaul) is demoted from his office for playing part in the plot against King Childebert. Presbyter Romulfus is elected bishop in the place of another convicted conspirator, Bishop Egidius of Reims, AD 590. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 590-594.
ID
ER 119
Aredius, abbot and presbyter in Limoges (Gaul), informs Gregory of Tours of the deeds of saint Nicetius of Trier, his mentor. Aredius died in 591. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Life of the Fathers", Tours (Gaul),ca 591.
ID
ER 2178
Gregory the Great orders Bishop Balbinus of Rusellae to ordain one archpresbyter and two deacons to the church in Populonia and three presbyters to Populonia`s parishes, because there is no clergy left there. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.15, AD 591.
ID
ER 2180
Gregory the Great orders Bishop Natalis of Salona (Illyricum) to reinstate the archdeacon Honoratus from the same church, who was demoted for refusing to be ordained presbyter. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.19, AD 591.
ID
ER 2181
Gregory the Great orders his envoy, the Subdeacon Anthelm to give two gold coins to the Presbyter Paulinus from the monastery of St. Erasmus in Campania. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.23, AD 591.
ID
ER 1941
Presbyter Faramodus, brother of Bishop Ragnimodus of Paris (Gaul), tries unsuccessfully to become bishop of Paris after his brother`s death in 591. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 591-594.
ID
ER 1942
Some priests follow the wandering false prophet from Bourges (Gaul), AD 591. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 591-594.
ID
ER 1943
Presbyter Aredius of Limoges (Gaul) is a pupil of Bishop Nicetius of Trier (Gaul) and then an abbot of the monastery in Limoges, which he has founded himself. Aredius dies in 591. Account of Gregory of Tours, "Histories", Tours (Gaul), AD 591-594.
ID
ER 2230
Gregory the Great describes the virtues of an ideal priest. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.24, AD 591.
ID
ER 2232
Gregory the Great orders his envoy, the subdeacon Anthelm to restrain former clerics who wish to perform clerical duties after taking monastic vows. The sole exception is made for these monks whom their local bishop promoted to presbyterate. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.40, AD 591.
ID
ER 2235
Gregory the Great orders Subdeacon Peter who administrates papal estates in Sicily to send revenue from the estates belonging to the church of Canosa to its clergy. The lapsed clerics ought to be sent to the monasteries for penance, but they should still collect stipends. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.42, AD 591.
ID
ER 2236
Gregory the Great orders his envoy to Corsica to ensure that the priests do not live with any non-related women. He also helps three priests facing financial troubles. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.50, AD 591.
ID
ER 2237
Gregory the Great orders Bishop Felix of Siponto to ordain two presbyters in the city of Canosa which lacks bishop and clergy. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.51, AD 591.
ID
ER 2238
Gregory the Great orders Bishop Leo of unknown city in Corsica to assume the episcopal duties in the city of Saona which lacks currently a bishop. Leo is free to ordain presbyters in both the city and its parishes, and use all the resources belonging to the local church. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.76, AD 591.
ID
ER 2239
Gregory the Great orders the clergy and faithful from the city of Mevania to accept the rule of Presbyter Honoratus. As the bishopric is currently vacant, Honoratus will administer the diocese until the citizens of Mevania unanimously select a candidate for the office. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.78, AD 591.
ID
ER 2240
In two almost identical letters, Gregory the Great orders the clergy and nobility from the churches of Aleria and Saona (both in Corsica) to accept the visitations of the bishops sent by him. These bishops will have, for the time being, the full control of the churchs` resources and the power to ordain presbyters in the cities and their parishes. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.79, AD 591.
ID
ER 2241
Gregory the Great orders Bishop Felix of Messina not to spend church resources on expensive gifts to bishops of Rome and travels to the papal see, but rather keep them for the clerics` yearly salaries. Gregory the Great, Letter 1.64, AD 591.
ID
ER 2294
Gregory the Great grants Bishop Paul of Nepi, who is temporarily administrating the see of Naples, the right to ordain new clerics. Paul should also distribute the usual offerings to the clergy and grant them "presbyterium". Gregory the Great, Letter 2.9, AD 591.
ID
ER 2305
Gregory the Great orders Bishop Lucillus of Malta to punish members of his clergy who do not pay rent from their possessions in Africa. If not, Gregory will do it himself. Gregory the Great, Letter 2.36, AD 592.
ID
ER 2306
Gregory the Great dismisses as ridiculous the notion voiced by Bishop John of Ravenna that some clerics need to be reordained. Gregory the Great, Letter 2.38, AD 592.
ID
ER 2307
Gregory the Great unites the diocese of Tres Tabernae with the church of Velletri. Bishop John of Velletri will now have full power over both sees, including ordination and promotion of clergy. Gregory the Great, Letter 2.42, AD 592.
ID
ER 2308
Gregory the Great orders Subdeacon Sabinus to convey the garden of the late Presbyter Felicianus (located at the foot of the Aventine hill) to the convent of certain Euprepia. Gregory the Great, Letter 2.46, AD 592.
ID
ER 2309
Gregory the Great urges Bishop Peter of Barca in Cyrenaica to support the presbyter Valerianus who travels from Rome to ransom the captives. Gregory the Great, Letter 3.16, AD 592.
ID
ER 2314
Gregory the Great elevates the monk Cyriacus to a higher position among other clerics and increases his "presbyterium". Gregory the Great, Letter 2.50, AD 592.
ID
ER 2317
Gregory the Great unites (temporarily?) the diocese of Fondi with the church of Terracina. Bishop Agnellus of Fondi will now have full power over both sees, including ordination and promotion of clergy. Gregory the Great, Letter 3.13, AD 592.
ID
ER 339
Canon 1 of the Second Council of Saragossa (Iberian Peninsula, AD 592) permits former Arian presbyters to be ordained in the Catholic Church.
ID
ER 1452
Canon 2 of the second council of Saragossa (Iberian Peninsula, AD 592) orders the priests who take over the formerly Arian churches to bring any relics found in them to the bishop in order to prove them by fire.
ID
ER 2295
Gregory the Great orders Bishop Castor of Rimini to consecrate a private oratory. No presbyter may be permanently affixed to this church. Every presbyter saying mass in this oratory must be sanctioned by the bishop of Rimini. Gregory the Great, Letter 2.11, AD 592.
ID
ER 2296
Gregory the Great orders Bishop Importunus of Atella near Naples (Italy) to ascribe Presbyter Dominicus to the vacant church of Saint Mary and grant him appropriate revenues. Gregory the Great, Letter 2.12, AD 592.
ID
ER 2297
Gregory the Great asks Bishop Maximianus of Syracuse (Sicily) to send to him an anonymous presbyter from his province who is worthy of episcopate. Gregory the Great, Letter 2.21, AD 592.
ID
ER 2298
Gregory the Great sends Bishop Benenatus of Misonum to supervise the nearby bishopric of Cumae. The clergy and people of Misonum should choose a local cleric to become a new bishop. The candidate is to travel to Rome with a letter bearing the signatures of all members of clergy. Gregory the Great, Letter 2.22, AD 592.
ID
ER 2299
Gregory the Great asks the scribe Stephen from Sicily to investigate the claim of the parish presbyter from the domain of Maratodis that he is entitled to a share in offerings made to the monastery of Saint George in the same domain. Gregory the Great, Letter 2.26, AD 592.
ID
ER 2301
In a letter to Bishop John of Squillace (Italy) Gregory the Great describes which candidates should not be ordained as clergy. Gregory the Great, Letter 2.31, AD 592.
ID
ER 2302
Gregory the Great sends Bishop Felix of Agropoli (Campania) to visit three dioceses in his vicinity which have presently no bishop. He is to ensure that the clergy of these churches behave properly and ordain new presbyters if needed. Gregory the Great, Letter 2.35, AD 592.
ID
ER 263
Sanctulus, presbyter in Norcia (Italy), tells Gregory stories of two monks from the same area, AD 570/593. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.
ID
ER 264
Sanctulus, presbyter in Norcia (Italy), was a friend of Gregory the Great and used to come to him every year, AD 568/593. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.
ID
ER 269
Sanctulus, presbyter in Norcia (Italy), hires workers to rebuild a church burned by the Lombards, AD 568/593. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.
ID
ER 2318
Gregory the Great unites the diocese of Cures with the church of Mentana. Bishop Gratiosus of Mentana will now have full power over both sees, including ordination and promotion of clergy. Gregory the Great, Letter 3.20, AD 593.
ID
ER 2319
Gregory the Great sends Bishop Leontius as visitor to Rimini, because its bishop lays ill in Rome. Leontius is granted full episcopal power the city, safe the ordination of clergy. Gregory the Great, Letter 3.24, AD 593.
ID
ER 2325
Gregory the Great informs the presbyter Magnus from Milan that his excommunication, imposed by the recently deceased Bishop Laurentius of Milan, has been lifted. Gregory the Great, Letter 3.26, AD 593.
ID
ER 2326
The presbyter Magnus from Milan and the cleric Yppolitus from the same church carry a letter from the clergy of Milan to Gregory the Great, informing him that the deacon Constantius is a suitable candidate for episcopacy. Gregory the Great, Letter 3.29, AD 593.
ID
ER 2327
Gregory the Great orders Defensor Sabinus of Sardinia to investigate the case of the presbyter Epiphanius from Cagliari, who is seemingly accused of some indecent relations with a certain woman. Gregory the Great, Letter 3.36, AD 593.
ID
ER 281
Sanctulus, presbyter in Norcia (Italy), puts himself in place of a deacon who is to be killed by the Lombards, AD 568/593. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.
ID
ER 282
Sanctulus, presbyter in Norcia (Italy), is able to live by the law even though he does not know how to read and is ignorant of the actual precepts of the law, AD 568/593. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.
ID
ER 289
An anonymous presbyter from Norcia (Italy) lives in total separation from his wife since ordination. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.
ID
ER 2338
The clerics of Tarentum petition Gregory the Great to seek compensation for the wrongs done to them by their bishop, Andrew. Gregory orders Bishop John of Gallipoli to right these wrongdoings. Gregory the Great, Letter 3.45, AD 593.
ID
ER 291
Speciosus, a presbyter probably in Rome (Italy), attests to the truthfulness of Gregory`s story and is called by him his co-presbyter. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.
ID
ER 2339
Gregory the Great urges Bishop Columbus of unknown see in Numidia (Africa) to prevent unlawful clerical ordinations. Gregory the Great, Letter 3.47, AD 593.
ID
ER 292
Presbyter Tibertius from the church of Saint Laurence in Rome (Italy) is seen as burning at the stake. Presbyter Florentius, who knew him, is now the presbyter of the same church, AD 568/593. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.
ID
ER 2340
Gregory the Great urges Bishop Adeodatus, the primate of Numidia (Africa), to be wary of illegal ordinations of clerics and deliberate over this matter on the upcoming council of the Numidian bishops. Gregory the Great, Letter 3.48, AD 593.
ID
ER 293
In a vision, a dying soldier sees a presbyter of pure life crossing a bridge to paradise. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.
ID
ER 294
Certain presbyter from Terme Taurine near Civitavecchia (Italy) regularly visits the baths. There he meets a spirit who asks him to offer a mass for his sake, all in the second half of the 6th century. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.
ID
ER 298
A certain presbyter from Narni (Italy) has a vision confirming that his bishop, Cassius of Narni, should celebrate a daily Mass, AD 537/558. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.
ID
ER 2347
Gregory the Great applauds Bishop Theodore of Lilybaeum for gathering information on wrongdoings of priests. Gregory the Great, Letter 3.49, AD 593.
ID
ER 2349
Gregory the Great rebukes Bishop John of Ravenna. Among other things, he instructs him how to deal with presbyters guilty of a crime and prohibits presbyters of Ravenna to use the mappulae. Gregory the Great, Letter 3.54, AD 593.
ID
ER 2356
In his letter to Gregory the Great Bishop John of Ravenna defends the use of the mappulae by his presbyters. He claims that they traditionally wore them during the ordinations of the bishops of Ravenna in Rome. John of Ravenna, Letter to Gregory the Great (also known as Gregory the Great, Letter 3.54a), AD 593.
ID
ER 2357
Gregory the Great reminds Bishop Secundinus of Taormina (Sicily) his wish to install a chapel in the place of baptistry in the monastery of Saint Andrew above Mascalae. Gregory the Great, Letter 3.56, AD 593.
ID
ER 2358
Gregory the Great asks Bishop Fortunatus of Naples to dedicate the oratory in the nunnery found by late Rustica near Herculaneum (Italy), so that the presbyters serving in the convent could celebrate Masses there. Neither bishop, nor the presbyters will be entitled to any offerings left to this monastery. Gregory the Great, Letter 3.58, AD 593.
ID
ER 2359
Gregory the Great applauds Emperor Maurice in his decision to forbid public officials to seek ecclesiastical rank. Gregory the Great, Letter 3.61, AD 593.
ID
ER 2362
Gregory the Great reminds Bishop Boniface of Reggio (Sicily) that he ought to discipline his clergy, so that they will be dutiful in their office. Gregory the Great, Letter 4.5, AD 593.
ID
ER 2363
Gregory the Great instructs Bishop Januarius of Cagliari (Sardinia) that every cleric guilty of adultury committed with a nun should be deprived of his office and locked in a monastery. Presbyters should anoint infants on the breast during baptism, so that bishops will anoint on the forehead during confirmation. Gregory the Great, Letter 4.9, AD 593.
ID
ER 2364
Gregory the Great rebukes Bishop Maximian of Syracuse (Sicily) for the unjust distribution of church revenues. Presbyters who have assigned clerical duties cannot keep their appointments after becoming monastic supervisors. Higher clergy should list all their ecclesiastical property when their bishop dies. Clerics serving temporarily in some parishes outside of their diocese should receive adequate stipends. Gregory the Great, Letter 4.11, AD 593.
ID
ER 2365
Gregory the Great writes to Bishop Clementius of Hadrumetum (North Africa), on behalf of the presbyter Adeodatus. Adeodatus was deprived of his position due to two-months absence and another presbyter took his post. Gregory the Great, Letter 4.13, AD 593.
ID
ER 1403
DRAFT: Presbyter Stephen from the province of Valeria. Account in the "Dialogues" by Gregory the Great, Rome, Rome AD 593/594.
ID
ER 173
DRAFT: Abbot Equitius is reprimended for preaching because he was not ordained and did not obtain a licence from a bishop. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594. 1. DATING OF THE EVIDENCE 2. DATNG OF THE EVENT. 3. PLACE OF THE EVENT. 4. PLACE OF THE EVIDENCE
ID
ER 174
DRAFT: Presbyter Gaudentius, once a protégé of bishop Boniface of Ferentis, now lives in Rome and tells Gregory of the deeds of his mentor. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.?????? SEE ABOVE
ID
ER 176
DRAFT: Presbyter Constantius, nephew of bishop Boniface of Ferentis, witnesses the latter performing a miracle. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.?????? SEE ABOVE
ID
ER 181
DRAFT: Presbyter Constantius is angry with his uncle, bishop Boniface of Ferento, because the latter gave Constantius` money to the poor. Because of his greed, and probably because he was willing to pay for the office, Constantius will never be bishop. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.???? SEE ABOVE
ID
ER 184
DRAFT: A certain old cleric brings Gregory stories from the life of bishop Boniface of Ferento. Account in the `Dialogues` by Gregory the Great, around 550. SEE ABOVE
ID
ER 185
A presbyter from the oratory of Saint Sebastian, probably in Etruria, attempts an exorcism, yet he gets possessed by the devil as well, since he dares to do something beyond his presbyterial power. Account in the `Dialogues` by Gregory the Great, around AD 550.
ID
ER 186
Presbyter Severus from Antrodoco is called to the bed of a dying man to help him do penance. Severus is devastated as he arrives too late, busy with pruning the vines. God, however, revives the man who does penance under Severus` supervision and dies once again, ca AD 550. Account in the `Dialogues` by Gregory the Great, writing in Rome, AD 593/594.
ID
ER 197
An anonymous presbyter receives in vision a command from God to visit Saint Benedict on Easter day. He travels to Benedict`s cave and they share a conversation and a meal, all in the first half of the 6th century. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.
ID
ER 1489
An abbot from Preneste fosters a young monk which he orders to become a presbyter. After their death, they are buried together. Account in Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.
ID
ER 1490
DRAFT: Anonymous prebyter from the province of Valeria. Account in the `Dialogues` by Gregory the Great, writing in Rome, 593/594 AD.
ID
ER 1491
DRAFT: Presbyter Amantius. Account in the `Dialogues` by Gregory the Great, writing in Rome, 593/594 AD.
ID
ER 248
Florentius, presbyter in the church near Subiaco, envies Saint Benedict for his fame and is tempted by the devil to conspire against him, all in the first half of the 6th century. Account of Gregory the Great, "Dialogues", Rome, AD 593/594.