Presbyters Uniwersytet Warszawski
ID
ER 652
The law issued by King Ervig (AD 680-687) obligates bishops and priests to explain the law concerning the Jews to the Jewish communities in their jurisdiction, and to keep the book of these laws in the archive of their church. The codification is known as the Lex Visigothorum (issued and re-edited several times between AD 569 and 702).
XII.3.28
 
XXVIII. FLAVIUS GLORIOSUS ERVIGIUS REX.
 
Ut episcopi omnibus Iudeis ad se pertinentibus libellum hunc de suis editum erroribus tradant; et ut professiones eorum vel conditiones in scriniis ecclesie condant.
 
Solet interdum latebrose mentis perversitas ignorantie opponere angulum in eo, quod se simulat ignorare preceptum, ut eo quodammodo excusabilem se a pena pronuntiet, quo se novelle sanctionis ordinem defendat penitus ignorasse. Et ideo ad huius excusationis depellendam malitiam id episcopis omnibus vel sacerdotibus tenendum forte precipimus, ut unusquisque conventum ad se pertinentem Iudeorum de his institutionibus, quas in eorum perfidiam nuper edidimus, instruat et libellum huius operis tradat, qui et manifeste illis in conventum relegatur ecclesie, et quem semper secum pro testimonio instructionis reportant. Iam vero, postquam illis publice in ecclesia fuerit lectus liber iste vel traditus, si quis eorum postea aut se defuisse, cum legeretur, contendat aut ignorasse se que inibi precepta sunt adstruat, in nulla se ulterius poterit excusatione defendere; sed in quocumque fuerit postea quisquis ille prevaricator inventus, in nullo erit harum legum sententiam evasurus. Nam et illud necessario huic legi adicimus, ut omnium professionum atque conditionum scripturas, quas quisquis ille Iudeus sacerdoti suo amodo obtulerit, sollicita diligentia unusquisque sacerdos eas ipsas professionum vel condicionum scripturas in archivis sue ecclesie recondat, qualiter pro eorundem perfidorum testimonio studiosius conservate persistant.
 
(ed. Zeumer 1902: 455-456)
XII.3.28
 
XXVIII. GLORIOUS KING FLAVIUS ERVIG.
 
Bishops shall give to all Jews a copy of this book, which has been published for the purpose of correcting their errors; and their confessions and a record of their conversion shall be deposited among the archives of the Church.
 
The perversity of a deceitful mind is accustomed to making use of the pretence of ignorance, when it asserts that it has no knowledge of the law, and declares that it is exempt from punishment because it is ignorant of the new laws. Now, for the purpose of removing this false and malicious excuse, we hereby order all bishops and priests to explain to the Jews within their jurisdiction the decrees which we have heretofore promulgated concerning their perfidy; and also, to give them a copy of this book, which is ordinarily read to them publicly, in the congregations of the Church, and which they must always carry with them as evidence of their instruction. And if, after this book shall have been read to them publicly as aforesaid, or given into their hands, any of them should claim that he was not present when it was read, or should assert that he is ignorant of the laws contained therein, no excuse of his shall be thereafter received; but if, ever subsequently, he should be detected in the breach of any of said laws, under no circumstances shall he escape punishment for the same. And we add to this law, as being a necessary part of it that all written confessions and agreements which any Jew, at any time, has delivered to his priest, shall be carefully preserved by the latter, among the archives of his church, in order that it may be evidence against any Jew who may thereafter venture to resume the practice of his impious rites.
 
(trans. P.S.Scott 1910: 408-409; slightly altered)

Discussion:

This is one of thirty-four laws that are the original contribution of king Ervig to the codification revised during his reign. Twenty-eigth of this laws concerned the Jews (Collins 2004: 236).
 
See also XII.3.26 [553].
 

Place of event:

Region
  • Iberian Peninsula

About the source:

Title: Lex Visigothorum, Liber iudiciorum, Liber iudiciorum sive Lex Visigothorum
Origin: Toledo (Iberian Peninsula)
Denomination: Catholic/Nicene/Chalcedonian
Lex Visigothorum is a codification of law first composed during the reign of King Leovigild (569-586) on the basis of the Code of Euric, but the origin of all extant manuscripts is its revised version from the reign of King Recceswinth (649-672). The codification was also enlarged in the times of King Ervig (680-687) and Ecgica (687-702).
Edition:
K. Zeumer ed., Liber iudiciorum sive lex Visigothorum, Monumenta Germaniae Historica. Leges nationum Germanicarum 1, Hannover, Leipzig 1902, 33-456.
 
Translation:
The Visigothic Code (Forum Judicum), trans. S.P. Scott, Boston 1910
Bibliography:
R. Collins, Visigothic Spain, 409-711, Oxford 2004.
J. Juster, "The Legal Condition of the Jews Under the Visigothic Kings Part I", Israel Law Review 11 (1976), 259-287.
J. Juster, "The Legal Condition of the Jews Under the Visigothic Kings Part II", Israel Law Review 11 (1976), 391-414.
J. Juster, "The Legal Condition of the Jews Under the Visigothic Kings Part III", Israel Law Review 11 (1976), 563-590.
K. Schäferdiek, Die Kirche in den Reichen der Westgoten und Suewen bis zur Errichtung der westgotischen katholischen Staatskirche, Berlin 1967.

Categories:

Described by a title - Sacerdos/ἱερεύς
    Public law - Secular
      Relation with - Jew
        Public functions and offices after ordination
          Equal prerogatives of presbyters and bishops
            Please quote this record referring to its author, database name, number, and, if possible, stable URL: M. Szada, Presbyters in the Late Antique West, ER652, http://www.presbytersproject.ihuw.pl/index.php?id=6&SourceID=652