Presbyters Uniwersytet Warszawski
ID
ER 1550
Canon 15 of the Second Council of Mâcon (Gaul, AD 585) describes the proper form of greeting a cleric on the road.
Canon 15
 
Et quia ordinatione sacerdotum annuente Deo congruit de omnibus disponere et causis singulis honestum terminum dare, ut per hos reuerentissimus canones et praeteritorum canonum uiror ac floridagermina maturis fructibus enitiscant, statuemus, ut, si quis saecularium honoratorum in itinere obuiam habuerit aliquem ecclesiasticorum graduum usque ad inferiorem gradum honores, ueneranter, sicut condecet Christianum, illi colla subdat, per cuius officia et obsequia fidelissima Christianitatis iura promeruit. Et si quidem illi seculares aequo uehitur clericusque similiter, seculares galerum de capite auferat et clerico sincere salutationis munus adhibeat; si uero clericus pedes graditur et seculares uehitur equo, illico ad terram defluat et debitum honorem sepe dicto clerico sincerae caritatis exhibeat, ut Deus, qui uera caritas est, in utrisque laetetur et dilectione suae utrumque ascescat. Qui uero horum, quae Spiritu sancto dictante sanccita sunt, transgredi uoluerit, ab ecclesia, quam in suis ministris dehonorat, quantum episcopus illius ecclesiae uoluerit, suspendatur.
 
(ed. de Clercq 1963: 246)
Canon 15
 
And because it is becoming by God's favour for the gathering (ordinatione) of bishops to regulate everything and assign the appropriate solution to every single case, so that through these most reverent canons also the verdure and flowery sprouts of our predecessors' canons may shine with ripe fruits, we decree that if some layman of honour meets on the road someone of ecclesiastical rank, even [a cleric] of a lower grade of honour, he should bow his neck respectfully to him, as it is fitting for a Christian, for through his offices and services the most faithful law of Christianity can thrive. And if this layman rides on a horse and a cleric [is on horseback] as well, the layman should remove the hat from his head and present to the cleric a tribute of sincere salutation. If, however, a cleric is on foot and a layman rides a horse, [the layman] should at once dismount and show the appropriate honour to the cleric with sincere love (caritatis), so that God, who is the true love (caritas), will rejoice in both of them and bond them both through his favour (dilectione). The one who is eager to transgress these rules which were sanctified as dictated by the Holy Spirit, should be excluded from the Church, whose ministers he dishonoured, as long as the bishop of this Church wills it.
 
(trans. J. Szafranowski)

Discussion:

The canon suggest that a layperson would easily recognise a cleric on the road. If so, he must have looked different than other people, most probably because of the tonsure, possibly thanks to his dress and lack of weapons, see canon 5 of the First Council of Mâcon ([1532]).

Place of event:

Region
  • Gaul
City
  • Mâcon

About the source:

Title: Second Council of Mâcon, Concilium Matisconense II anno 585
Origin: Mâcon (Gaul)
Denomination: Catholic/Nicene/Chalcedonian
The Second Council of Mâcon was called by King Guntram and gathered bishops from his realm, as well as those of Chlotar II of whom Guntram was a guardian. Therefore, in the proceedings presided over by Priscus, metropolitan bishop of Lyon, there took part the metropolitans of Vienne, Rouen, Bordeaux, Sens, Bourges, and Arles through his representative. Also participating were forty eight other bishops, including three without a see (among them Primatus, see [1528]), as well as eleven clerics of unknown names and ranks who represented their absent bishops. From the ambiguous account of Gregory of Tours (Histories, 8.7), we might presume that this synod was held on the 23rd of October.
Edition:
C. de Clercq ed., Concilia Galliae a. 511-a. 695, Corpus Christianorum. Series Latina 148 A, Turnhout 1963.
 
Translation:
J. Gaudemet, B. Basdevant, Les canons des conciles mérovingiens VIe-VIIe siècles, Sources chrétiennes 353, Paris 1989.

Categories:

Food/Clothes/Housing - Clothes
    Food/Clothes/Housing - Hairstyle
      Travel and change of residence
        Described by a title - Clericus
          Attributes of clerical status
            Public law - Ecclesiastical
              Reverenced by
                Relation with - Noble
                  Described by a title - Minister/λειτουργός/ὑπηρέτης
                    Please quote this record referring to its author, database name, number, and, if possible, stable URL: J. Szafranowski, Presbyters in the Late Antique West, ER1550, http://www.presbytersproject.ihuw.pl/index.php?id=6&SourceID=1550