Presbyters Uniwersytet Warszawski
ID
ER 1438
Bishop Julius of Rome sends his presbyters, Elpidius and Philoxenus, to Constantinople to invite the followers of Eusebius of Nicomedia to Rome for a council to judge Athanasius. They return having achieved nothing, after being detained for some time in Constantinople. The council gathered in Rome, in the church of Presbyter Vitus, supports the decisions of Julius. AD 339/340. Account of Athanasius, "Apologia contra Arianos", Egypt, AD 357.
20. Ταῦτα μὲν οἱ ἀπὸ τῆς Αἰγύπτου πρὸς πάντας καὶ πρὸς Ἰούλιον τὸν ἐπίσκοπον  τῆς Ῥώμης, καὶ οἱ περὶ Εὐσέβιον δὲ πρὸς Ἰούλιον ἔγραψαν, καὶ νομίζοντες ἡμᾶς ἐκφοβεῖν ἠξίωσαν σύνοδον καλέσαι καὶ αὐτὸν Ἰούλιον, εἰ βούλοιτο, κριτὴν γενέσθαι. ἡμῶν τοίνυν ἀνελθόντων εἰς τὴν Ῥώμην ἔγραψεν εἰκότως Ἰούλιος καὶ ἐπὶ τοὺς περὶ Εὐσέβιον ἀποστείλας καὶ δύο πρεσβυτέρους ἑαυτοῦ Ἐλπίδιον καὶ Φιλόξενον. ἐκεῖνοι δὲ ἀκούσαντες περὶ ἡμῶν ἐταράχθησαν οὐ προσδοκήσαντες ἡμᾶς ἀνέρχεσθαι, καὶ παρῃτήσαντο προφάσεις ἀπιθάνους πορισάμενοι, μᾶλλον δὲ φοβηθέντες, μὴ ἅπερ οἱ περὶ Οὐάλεντα καὶ Οὐρσάκιον ὡμολόγησαν, ταῦτα κατ' αὐτῶν ἐλεγχθῇ.  λοιπὸν οὖν συνελθόντες ἐπίσκοποι πλέον πεντήκοντα, ἔνθα Βίτων ὁ πρεσβύτερος συνῆγεν, ἡμᾶς μὲν ἀπολογουμένους ἀπεδέξαντο καὶ ἐκύρωσαν εἰς ἡμᾶς τήν τε κοινωνίαν καὶ τὴν ἀγάπην. ἠγανάκτησαν δὲ κατ' ἐκείνων καὶ ἠξίωσαν Ἰούλιον γράψαι τοῖς περὶ Εὐσέβιον ταῦτα τοῖς καὶ γράψασιν αὐτῷ. καὶ ἔγραψεν αὐτὸς καὶ ἀπέστειλε διὰ Γαβιανοῦ τοῦ κόμητος.
21. " Ἰούλιος Δ<ι>ανίῳ καὶ Φλακίλλῳ Ναρκίσσῳ Εὐσεβίῳ Μάρι Μακεδονίῳ Θεοδώρῳ καὶ τοῖς σὺν αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἀπὸ Ἀντιοχείας γράψασιν ἡμῖν, ἀγαπητοῖς ἀδελφοῖς, ἐν κυρίῳ χαίρειν.  Ἀνέγνων τὰ γράμματα τὰ διὰ τῶν πρεσβυτέρων μου Ἐλπιδίου καὶ Φιλοξένου ἀποκομισθέντα καὶ ἐθαύμασα, πῶς ἡμεῖς μὲν ἀγάπῃ καὶ συνειδήσει ἀληθείας ἐγράψαμεν, ὑμεῖς δὲ μετὰ φιλονεικίας, καὶ οὐχ ὡς ἔπρεπεν, ἐπεστείλατε. ὑπεροψία γὰρ καὶ ἀλαζονεία τῶν γραψάντων διὰ τῆς ἐπιστολῆς ἐδείκνυτο. ταῦτα δὲ ἀλλότρια τῆς ἐν Χριστῷ πίστεώς ἐστιν. ἔδει γὰρ τὰ μετὰ ἀγάπης γραφέντα ἀμοιβῆς τῆς ἴσης μετὰ ἀγάπης τυχεῖν καὶ μὴ μετὰ φιλονεικίας. ἢ οὐχὶ ἀγάπης ἐστὶ γνώρισμα πρεσβυτέρους ἀποστεῖλαι, συμπαθεῖν τοῖς πάσχουσι, προτρέψασθαι τοὺς γράψαντας ἐλθεῖν, ἵνα πάντα θᾶττον λύσιν λαβόντα διορθωθῆναι δυνηθῇ, καὶ μηκέτι μήτε οἱ ἀδελφοὶ ἡμῶν πάσχωσι μήτε ὑμᾶς τινες  διαβάλλωσιν; καὶ γὰρ καὶ οἱ πρεσβύτεροι οἱ ἀποσταλέντες, οὓς ἔδει μετὰ χαρᾶς ἐπανελθεῖν, τοὐναντίον λυπούμενοι ἐπανῆλθον, ἐφ' οἷς ἑωράκασιν ἐκεῖ γινομένοις. "
25.  [...] οὐκοῦν, ἀγαπητοί, ἔδει ἀπαντῆσαι καὶ μὴ παραιτήσασθαι, ἵνα καὶ τέλος λάβῃ τὸ πρᾶγμα· τοῦτο γὰρ ὁ λόγος ἀπαιτεῖ. ἀλλ' ἴσως ἡ προθεσμία ἐνεπόδισε· γράψαντες γὰρ ἐμέμψασθε, ὅτι ‘στενὴν τὴν προθεσμίαν τῆς συνόδου’ ὡρίσαμεν, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῦτο, ἀγαπητοί, πρόφασίς ἐστιν. εἰ μὲν γὰρ ἐρχομένους τινὰς συνέκλεισεν ἡ ἡμέρα, στενὸν ἂν τὸ διάστημα τῆς προθεσμίας ἠλέγχθη, εἰ δὲ οἱ ἐλθεῖν μὴ βουλόμενοι κατεσχήκασι καὶ τοὺς πρεσβυτέρους ἕως αὐτοῦ τοῦ Ἰαννουαρίου μηνός, μὴ θαρρούντων ἐστὶν ἡ πρόφασις. [...]
 
(ed. Opitz 1940)
20. Eusebius and his fellows wrote also to Julius, and thinking to frighten me, requested him to call a council, and to be himself the judge, if he so pleased. When therefore I went up to Rome, Julius wrote to Eusebius and his fellows as was suitable, and sent moreover two of his own presbyters , Elpidius and Philoxenus. But they, when they heard of me, were thrown into confusion, as not expecting my going up there; and they declined the proposed council, alleging unsatisfactory reasons for so doing, but in truth they were afraid lest the things should be proved against them which Valens and Ursacius afterwards confessed.
However, more than fifty bishops assembled, in the place where the presbyter Vitus held his congregation; and they acknowledged my defence, and gave me the confirmation both of their communion and their love. On the other hand, they expressed great indignation against Eusebius and his fellows, and requested that Julius would write to the following effect to those of their number who had written to him. Which accordingly he did, and sent it by the hand of Count Gabianus:
21. "Julius to his dearly beloved brethren, Danius, Flacillus, Narcissus, Eusebius, Maris, Macedonius, Theodorus, and their friends, who have written to me from Antioch, sends health in the Lord.
 I have read your letter which was brought to me by my presbyters Elpidius and Philoxenus, and I am surprised to find that, whereas I wrote to you in charity and with conscious sincerity, you have replied to me in an unbecoming and contentious temper; for the pride and arrogance of the writers is plainly exhibited in that letter. Yet such feelings are inconsistent with the Christian faith; for what was written in a charitable spirit ought likewise to be answered in a spirit of charity and not of contention. And was it not a token of charity to send presbyters to sympathize with them that are in suffering, and to desire those who had written to me to come there, that the questions at issue might obtain a speedy settlement, and all things be duly ordered, so that our brethren might no longer be exposed to suffering, and that you might escape further calumny? [...] The presbyters also whom we sent to you, and who ought to have returned rejoicing, did on the contrary return sorrowful on account of the proceedings they had witnessed among you. [..]
25. [...] You ought then, dearly beloved, to have come and not declined, that the matter may be brought to a conclusion; for this is what reason demands. But perhaps you were prevented by the time fixed upon for the council, for you complain in your letter that the interval before the day we appointed was too short. But this, beloved, is a mere excuse. Had the day forestalled any when on the journey, the interval allowed would then have been proved to be too short. But when persons do not wish to come, and detain even my Presbyters up to the month of January , it is the mere excuse of those who have no confidence in their cause [...]
 
(trans.  M. Atkinson, A. Robertson;  http://www.newadvent.org/fathers/28081.htm)

Discussion:

The events described in the passage took place during the second exile of Athanasius, when he was supported by Julius of Rome.

Place of event:

Region
  • Rome
  • East
City
  • Rome
  • Antioch

About the source:

Author: Athanasius
Title: Apologia contra Arianos, Apologia secunda
Origin: Monasteries in Egypt (East), Rome (Rome)
Denomination: Catholic/Nicene/Chalcedonian
Athanasius probably wrote his "Apologia contra Arianos" in ca AD 357, during his third exile from Alexandria, which he spent among the monks in the Egyptian desert (AD 355-362).
Edition:
H.G. Opitz ed., Athanasius Werke, II, 1, Berlin 1940.
Bibliography:
P. Gemeinhardt ed., Athanasius Handbuch, Tuebingen 2011.

Categories:

Travel and change of residence
Functions within the Church - Parish presbyter
Described by a title - Presbyter/πρεσβύτερος
Ecclesiastical administration - Participation in councils and ecclesiastical courts
Ecclesiastical administration - Ecclesiastical envoy
Please quote this record referring to its author, database name, number, and, if possible, stable URL: S. Adamiak, Presbyters in the Late Antique West, ER1438, http://www.presbytersproject.ihuw.pl/index.php?id=6&SourceID=1438